From Drywall to Dry Foods - The Ominous Threat Posed By China

Helping a friend remodel his home this weekend, we pondered briefly (during a short break for dinner) whether the food we were eating was made in the U.S. or China. Although China was a possibility, I didn’t have the heart to tell my close friend that, even if the food didn’t kill us, his new drywall might. Health officials from numerous states are now looking into claims that Chinese-made drywall poses health risks to consumers. It has been alleged that the drywall has been emitting sulfur-based gases, which corrode electrical wiring (ruining common household appliances) and may even make people sick. Following numerous complaints, limited laboratory testing of Chinese-made drywall found that it contained higher levels of sulfuric and organic compounds (some of which could cause severe illness) than American-made samples. Additional testing, however, is needed to determine the extent to which the Chinese-made products may be responsible for the growing number of complaints. For more information, please visit the Florida Department of Health Drywall Website, which is devoted specifically to this developing issue.

These disturbing reports, of course, come only months after 2008 Chinese milk scandal. As you may recall, Chinese-manufactured milk, infant formula, and other food products were found to be tainted by melamine – an inexpensive but harmful substance that can cause severe health problems. Following reports of numerous illnesses, it was discovered that Chinese companies were adding the industrial chemical to their food products because it can artificially make poor quality or inferior foods appear to have higher protein content. In turn, when consumed in large quantities, melamine can lead to the formation of dangerous crystals in the kidneys, and can result in organ failure. When the Chinese melamine outbreak was finally contained, China reluctantly reported that 300,000 people were affected, 860 babies were hospitalized, and at least 6 people died. Although these are large numbers, I personally doubt they are accurate. China has no real food-borne illness reporting or surveillance system like in the U.S., and the total people affected by the scandal (and other unreported food-related illnesses and outbreaks in China) is likely staggering.

Although China is continuing its “investigations” into the melamine scandal, and recently “fired” a number of high-level industry regulators, this is likely little more than political gamesmanship. China has done little to impress when it come to food safety. If the Chinese leadership really wanted to make a difference, it would be well-advised to look beyond a few, select personnel changes, and promptly invest billions into new system of food safety regulation, enforcement and oversight. And, although China did recently enact various “new” food laws (which will go into effect in June), popular thinking suggests that, with still relatively few regulations, multiple agencies with competing responsibilities, uneven enforcement, rampant corruption and nearly 500,000 food companies to regulate, not much will change. Sounds to me like a missed opportunity. Although our own system is not perfect, we are at least well-suited to quickly identify, capture and solve problems when they do occur.

In any event, once China gets its act together and begins addressing seriously its growing and ominous food safety problems, perhaps it can come replace my friend's drywall.

Chinese Bubble Gum. Has Anyone Seen My Mercury?

In recent years, there has been an increase in potentially dangerous foods and other products being imported from China. Following our post on Chinese drywall and dry foods, a number of readers inquired "Why?" Well, this, of course, triggered some very interesting discussions. Ultimately, we all agreed that, somewhere in your purse, or in your car or maybe even between the cushions on your couch, there are two dollars. Somewhere between those two dollars is the answer to this question.

Indeed, the problems associated with foreign food product imports are not limited (as they were in the recent Chinese milk scandal) to foreign players who intentionally lace their foods with dangerous substitute additives to save money. Rather, the potential problems -- many of which have yet to materialize -- can be far more obscure.

Even setting intentional wrongdoing aside, there are other examples. Easter, for instance, is only a few weeks away. Let's imagine, even if for just a brief moment, that the new favorite candy is “WOZZY BUBBLES” bubble gum. They are tiny, colorful balls that come in a bag of a thousand, and allow children to blow extraordinarily large bubbles that won’t stick to anything when they pop. It is an amazing and unique new product that children and adults throughout the world regard as the greatest thing to happen to bubble gum since baseball cards.

Because it's cheaper to mass produce food when you don’t have to deal with little irritations like a robust food safety system, comprehensive food safety regulations, an army of governmental inspectors, minimum wages and/or child labor laws, WOZZY BUBBLES are manufactured in China. Imagine, for just another moment, that the revolutionary new chemical used in the gum (which prevents it from sticking to things) is produced at a factory near Beijing. The same chemical plant, unfortunately, also processes a majority of the mercury distributed for the production of thermometers also made in China (which is a topic, frankly, I'll save for another day).

Problems happen because it's the run-up to Easter and things are hectic at Chinese factories all over. WOZZY BUBBLES are in great demand, and will help fill millions of Easter baskets across America. At the same time, the flu season is in full swing, and thermometer production is also at an all time high. At some point, and nobody really knows how or when (or, even why), the mercury and non-stick chemicals get switched. Setting aside the absence of any effective Chinese food safety laws or government enforcement, in the absence of well-educated industry food safety technicians (there are few), dedicated quality assurance personnel (there are often none) and literate workers (a significant and widespread problem), nobody notices or even cares what has happened. Soon, there are more than a million packages of contaminated WOZZY BUBBLES en route to the United States. By the time Easter rolls around, there are thousands of very sick children and many more angry parents.

So, the two dollars I mentioned earlier that you might save by buying a product made in China turns out not to be much of a savings. Indeed, spending the extra two bucks on an American-made product manufactured under a robust (even if not perfect) food regulatory system would have increased substantially the probability that the food would be safe.

In America, those two dollars would have gone to support an expansive federal statutory framework, a comprehensive regulatory scheme and considered industry interventions which in most cases (understanding there are always rare exceptions) effectively ensure that poisonous constituents like melamine, mercury and other contaminants do not end up in our food. Additionally, those two dollars, along with the two dollars from each of the millions of families who actually bought WOZZY BUBBLES, might have allowed your neighbor, who just lost his job to Chinese outsourcing (and whose children didn't get anything for Easter) to keep his job and manufacture the same product safely. Hmmm.

So, what is the ultimate solution to this emerging and ominous food safety problem? The answer, we all seem to agree, appears quite clear. Either check between your couch cushions, or ask your neighbor.

This story, of course, is fictitious. The products do not exist. Our point is merely to illustrate the potential and significant issues facing Americans who increasingly buy food and other products which come from places where (unlike here at home) there is little or no regulation and oversight. If you are interested in learning more about these and other emerging food safety hazards associated with foreign food product imports, we have two suggestions: (1) keep watching for updates on our blog; and (2) read Imported Foods: Microbiological Issues and Challenges, recently published by Dr. Michael P. Doyle - a leading expert on these and other food safety issues.